,”alternatesLinks”: ,”url”:”kaj-so-distribuirani-sistemi-in-kako-delujejo”,”url_full”:”/razloženo/kakšni-so-distribuirani-sistemi-in-kako-do-oni -delo”,”kategorija”:{“id”: 65,” url”:”explained”,”priority”:0,”created”:null,”modified”:null,”parent_id”:0,”is_hidden”:0,”has_short_url”:0,”created_at”:”-06-12-33 03: 0001: 02″,”updated_at”:”2048-09-22 22: 29: 13 “,”deleted_at”:null,”admin_weight”: 32,”enabled”:1,”is_blog”:0,”relevant”:0,”category_id”: 86,”jezik_i d”:1,”title”:”Razloženo”,”alt”:””,”ključne besede”:””,”seo_title”:”Razloženo: članki za začetnike o kriptovaluti in verigi blokov.”,”opis”:” Kaj je Bitcoin? Kako deluje blockchain? Kako rudariti kriptovaluto? Z veseljem vam pomagamo odgovoriti na ta vprašanja z našimi hitrimi vodniki v razdelku Razloženo.rn”,”seo_description”:”Kaj je Bitcoin? Kako deluje blockchain? Kako rudariti kriptovaluto? Z veseljem vam pomagamo odgovoriti na ta vprašanja z našimi hitrimi vodniki v razdelku Razloženo.”},”words_count”: 873,”description”:”Pridobite vpoglede kako delujejo porazdeljeni sistemi s tem celovitim pregledom.”,”author”:{“id”: 1470,”title”:”Onkar Singh”,”url”: “onkar-singh”,”twitter”:””,”google_plus”:””,”photo”:””,”gender”:”male”,”description”:”Onkar Singh je navdušenec nad blockchainom, saj ohranja zavihek o nedavnih dogodkih v zvezi s kriptoindustrijo. Njegov cilj je zagotoviti kakovostne vsebine v blockchainu in kripto domeni. Je tudi pisec finančnih vsebin in je sodeloval pri več finančnih projektih, povezanih z novicami na borzi, temeljnimi raziskavami in tehničnimi analizami za več spletnih mest.”,”facebook”:””,”email”:””,”linkedin” :””,”created_at”:”2022-02-22 18: 30: 61″,”updated_at”:”2022-09-0001 30: 43: 22″ ,”deleted_at”:null,”innovation_circle_url”:null,”avatar”:”https://cointelegraph.com/assets/img/icons/author_male.jpg”,”hash”:”aHR0cHM6Ly9jb2ludGVsZWdyYXBoLmNvbS9hdXRob3JzL33ua2FyLXNpbmdo”,”relativeUrl”:”https://cointelegraph.com/authors/onkar-singh”,”user_id”: 1470,” language_id”:1,”name”:”Onkar Singh”,”desc”:”Onkar Singh je navdušenec nad blockchainom, saj spremlja nedavni dogodki v zvezi s kriptoindustrijo. Njegov cilj je zagotoviti kakovostne vsebine v blockchainu in kripto domeni. Je tudi pisec finančnih vsebin in je sodeloval pri več finančnih projektih, povezanih z novicami na borzi, temeljnimi raziskavami in tehničnimi analizami za več spletnih mest.”,”seo_title”:””,”seo_description”:””,”enabled” :1,”show_in_authors”:0,”show_in_experts”:0},”category_id”: 62,”avdio”:”https://s3.cointelegraph.com/avdio/104755.1408c992-84cd-4793-a5fd-0a0d65ed0001ad.mp3″, “tags”: [{“name”:”Blockchain”,”uri”:”/tags/blockchain”,”super”:1,”page_title”:”Blockchain News”},{“name”:”Decentralization”,”uri”:”/tags/decentralization”,”super”:0,”page_title”:”Decentralization News”}],”tag_title”:”Blockchain”,”datum” :”3 URE PRED”,”badge”:{“title”:”Razloženo”,”label”:”default”},”qty”: 260,”stats_pixel”:””,”stats_pixel_url”:”https://zoa.cointelegraph .com/pixel?postId=104755®ionId=1″,”deli “: 36,” infographic”:false,”sponsored”:false,”explained”:true,”press_release”:false,”show_referral”:false,”social_description”:”Od porazdeljenega računalništva do računalništva v gruči, potopite se v svet porazdeljenih sistemov s tem izčrpen pregled.”,”social_translators”:{“clipboard_popup_label”:”Povezava je kopirana”,”socialWechatFooterError”:”Napaka WeChat”,”socialWechatFooterText”:”Deli WeChat”,”socialWechatHeaderText”:”Deli WeChat”},”social_shares” :{“post_id”: 104755,”post_url”:”https:/ /cointelegraph.com/explained/what-are-distributed-systems-and-how-do-they-work”,”post _titles”:{“normal”:”Kaj so porazdeljeni sistemi in kako delujejo?”,”twitter”:”Kaj so porazdeljeni sistemi in kako delujejo?”},”post_text”:{“normal”: “Kaj so porazdeljeni sistemi in kako delujejo?”,”twitter”:”Kaj so porazdeljeni sistemi in kako delujejo? https://cointelegraph.com/explained/what-are-distributed-systems-and-how-do-they-work via @cointelegraph”},”accounts”:{“twitter”:”@cointelegraph” }},”socials”:{“facebook”:{“url”:”https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fcointelegraph.com% 2Frazloženo%2Fkaj-so-porazdeljeni-sistemi-a nd-how-do-they-work”,”count”:null,”short”:”fb”,”fa”:”facebook”},”twitter”:{“url”:”https:// twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Kaj+so+distribuirani+sistemi%2C+in+kako+delujejo%3F https%3A%2F%2Fcointelegraph.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhat-are-distributed -systems-and-how-do-they-work prek @cointelegraph”,”count”:null,”short”:”tw”,”fa”:”twitter”},”telegram”:{“url”:” https://telegram.me/share/url?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcointelegraph.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhat-are-distributed-systems-and-how-do-they-work &text=What +so+distribuirani+sistemi%2C+in+kako+delujejo%3F”,”count”:null,”short”:”tg”,”fa”:”paper-plane”},”whatsapp” :{“url”:”https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Kaj+so+distribuirani+sistemi%2C+in+kako+delujejo%3F&href=https%3A% 2F%2Fcointelegraph.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhat-are-distributed-systems-and-how-dothey-work”,”count”:null,”short”:”wu”,”fa”:”whatsapp”}, “gplus”:{“url”:”https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcointelegraph.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhat-so-distributed-systems-and-how -naredi y-work”,”count”:null,”short”:”gplus”,”fa”:”google-plus”},”reddit”:{“url”:”https://www.reddit. com/submit?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcointelegraph.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhat-are-distributed-systems-and-how-they-work&title=Kaj+so+distribuirani+sistemi%2C+in+kako +ali+delajo%3F”,”count”:null,”short”:”reddit”,”fa”:”reddit-alien”},”linkedin”:{“url”:”https:/ /www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcointelegraph.com%2Fexplained%2Fwhat-are-distributed-systems-and-how-do-they-work&title=What+are+distributed+ sistemi%2C+in+kako+delujejo%3F”,”count”:null,”short”:”li”,”fa”:”linkedin”}},”hide_disclaimer”:false,”elink” :”https://cointelegraph.com”,”etitle”:”Cointelegraph”,”elogo_x2″:”https://images.cointelegraph.com/images/740_aHR0cHM6Ly9zMy5jb2ludGVsZWdyYXBoLmNvbS9zdG9yYWdlL3VwbG9hZHMvdmlldy9hYjAzYTJhMmNlOWEyMWRjMWYwOTYxZDkxNzMxYzhiYS5wbmc=.png”,”elogo_x1″:”https://images.cointelegraph.com/images/480_aHR0cHM6Ly9zMy5jb2ludGVsZWdyYXBoLmNvbS9zdG9yYWdlL3VwbG9hZHMvdmlldy9hYjAzYTJhMmNlOWEyMWRjMWYwOTYxZDkxNzMxYzhiYS5wbmc=.png”,”elogo_svg”:false,”content”: [{“id”:4009,”post_id”:104755,”title”:”What is a distributed system?”,”content”:”A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appear to the user as a single coherent system. nnTo accomplish a common objective, the computers in a distributed system communicate with one another. A distributed system’s computers may be housed in one physical place or dispersed across several regions. The main benefit of a distributed system is that it can outperform a single computer system in terms of performance, reliability and availability.nnIt involves sharing resources and processing power among several workstations through distributed computing and databases. The key components of distributed systems are multiple nodes, communication networks and distributed middleware that controls communication between nodes.nnNodes are independent computing entities that communicate with each other. A communication network acts as a medium for exchanging information between nodes. Distributed middleware in distributed systems refers to the software layer between the distributed applications and the underlying network infrastructure, providing services such as communication, coordination, and resource management to enable efficient and reliable distributed computing.nnBy distributing the workload and data across several nodes, the architecture of distributed systems is created to achieve fault tolerance (the ability to continue operating in the presence of node failures or network problems), scalability and high availability.nnn”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:30:03″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”sort”:1,”translations”:{“id”:4002,”explained_post_id”:4009,”title_en”:”What is a distributed system?”,”content_en”:”A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appear to the user as a single coherent system. nnTo accomplish a common objective, the computers in a distributed system communicate with one another. A distributed system’s computers may be housed in one physical place or dispersed across several regions. The main benefit of a distributed system is that it can outperform a single computer system in terms of performance, reliability and availability.nnIt involves sharing resources and processing power among several workstations through distributed computing and databases. The key components of distributed systems are multiple nodes, communication networks and distributed middleware that controls communication between nodes.nnNodes are independent computing entities that communicate with each other. A communication network acts as a medium for exchanging information between nodes. Distributed middleware in distributed systems refers to the software layer between the distributed applications and the underlying network infrastructure, providing services such as communication, coordination, and resource management to enable efficient and reliable distributed computing.nnBy distributing the workload and data across several nodes, the architecture of distributed systems is created to achieve fault tolerance (the ability to continue operating in the presence of node failures or network problems), scalability and high availability.nnn”,”title_es”:””,”content_es”:”n”,”title_cn”:””,”content_cn”:”n”,”title_de”:””,”content_de”:”n”,”title_fr”:””,”content_fr”:”n”,”title_it”:””,”content_it”:”n”,”title_ar”:””,”content_ar”:”n”,”title_br”:””,”content_br”:”n”,”title_jp”:””,”content_jp”:”n”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:30:03″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”title_kr”:””,”content_kr”:”n”,”title_tr”:””,”content_tr”:”n”}},{“id”:4010,”post_id”:104755,”title”:”How distributed systems work?”,”content”:”For distributed systems to function, a task must be divided into smaller subtasks and spread over several nodes or computers in a network. These nodes or computers then communicate and cooperate to finish the task.nnnnThe following four steps provide a brief overview of how distributed systems operate:nnDecentralized componentsnnA distributed system comprises numerous parts or nodes spread over various real or virtual places. These parts can communicate with one another across a network to accomplish a single objective.nnCommunicationnnA distributed system’s components can communicate with one another using a variety of protocols and tools, including TCP/IP, HTTP or message queues. These protocols allow the nodes to communicate by sending and receiving messages or data.nnCoordinationnnFor the parts of a distributed system to function well together, they must coordinate their actions. Several mechanisms, such as distributed algorithms, consensus protocols, or distributed transactions, can be used to achieve this coordination.nnFault tolerancennA distributed system should be created with fault tolerance in mind. This implies that it should be able to handle failures of specific parts or nodes without impairing the performance or availability of the entire system. Distributed systems employ redundancy, replication or partitioning strategies to achieve fault tolerance.nnAn online search engine is an example of a distributed system since it comprises numerous nodes that carry out various functions, including crawling websites, indexing content and handling user requests. These nodes cooperate to give users quick and effective search results.nnThe blockchain — a decentralized ledger that records transactions securely and transparently — is also an example of a distributed system. It is distributed because the ledger is stored on multiple nodes in the network, with each node holding a copy of the entire ledger, allowing for greater transparency, security and resilience to failures or attacks.nnn”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:30:48″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”sort”:2,”translations”:{“id”:4003,”explained_post_id”:4010,”title_en”:”How distributed systems work?”,”content_en”:”For distributed systems to function, a task must be divided into smaller subtasks and spread over several nodes or computers in a network. These nodes or computers then communicate and cooperate to finish the task.nnnnThe following four steps provide a brief overview of how distributed systems operate:nnDecentralized componentsnnA distributed system comprises numerous parts or nodes spread over various real or virtual places. These parts can communicate with one another across a network to accomplish a single objective.nnCommunicationnnA distributed system’s components can communicate with one another using a variety of protocols and tools, including TCP/IP, HTTP or message queues. These protocols allow the nodes to communicate by sending and receiving messages or data.nnCoordinationnnFor the parts of a distributed system to function well together, they must coordinate their actions. Several mechanisms, such as distributed algorithms, consensus protocols, or distributed transactions, can be used to achieve this coordination.nnFault tolerancennA distributed system should be created with fault tolerance in mind. This implies that it should be able to handle failures of specific parts or nodes without impairing the performance or availability of the entire system. Distributed systems employ redundancy, replication or partitioning strategies to achieve fault tolerance.nnAn online search engine is an example of a distributed system since it comprises numerous nodes that carry out various functions, including crawling websites, indexing content and handling user requests. These nodes cooperate to give users quick and effective search results.nnThe blockchain — a decentralized ledger that records transactions securely and transparently — is also an example of a distributed system. It is distributed because the ledger is stored on multiple nodes in the network, with each node holding a copy of the entire ledger, allowing for greater transparency, security and resilience to failures or attacks.nnn”,”title_es”:””,”content_es”:”n”,”title_cn”:””,”content_cn”:”n”,”title_de”:””,”content_de”:”n”,”title_fr”:””,”content_fr”:”n”,”title_it”:””,”content_it”:”n”,”title_ar”:””,”content_ar”:”n”,”title_br”:””,”content_br”:”n”,”title_jp”:””,”content_jp”:”n”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:30:48″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”title_kr”:””,”content_kr”:”n”,”title_tr”:””,”content_tr”:”n”}},{“id”:4011,”post_id”:104755,”title”:”What are the key features of distributed systems?”,”content”:”Distributed systems are used in many applications, including social networking platforms, cloud computing and online retail. The distinctive characteristics of distributed systems make them stand out from other computer systems.nnOne such attribute of distributed systems that enables numerous processes or threads to execute simultaneously is concurrency. Although this feature makes the system more effective, it can also result in problems like deadlocks.nnA deadlock is a situation that can occur in distributed systems where two or more processes are blocked and unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource. Deadlocks can occur in distributed systems due to the inherent complexity of coordinating multiple processes that run concurrently across multiple nodes.nnAnother key characteristic of distributed systems is scalability. To handle growing workloads and accommodate more users, they ought to be able to scale horizontally by adding more nodes. Fault tolerance is also critical to distributed systems. They must withstand individual node or component failures without affecting the system’s overall performance. Another feature of distributed systems is heterogeneity, where nodes may have various hardware, software and network configurations. The diversity may make collaboration and communication difficult.nnTransparency is another key feature of distributed systems. They should offer consumers transparent access to network-wide resources and services while keeping them unaware of the intricate workings of the underlying system. Distributed systems must also prioritize security. To guard against unauthorized access, data breaches and other cyber risks, they must be constructed with security in mind.nnAnother quality that distributed systems must uphold is consistency. In the face of concurrent updates and failures, they must preserve data consistency across many nodes. Performance is crucial for distributed systems. They must be able to perform at acceptable levels despite the increased transmission costs and other complications brought on by distribution.nnn”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:31:14″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”sort”:3,”translations”:{“id”:4004,”explained_post_id”:4011,”title_en”:”What are the key features of distributed systems?”,”content_en”:”Distributed systems are used in many applications, including social networking platforms, cloud computing and online retail. The distinctive characteristics of distributed systems make them stand out from other computer systems.nnOne such attribute of distributed systems that enables numerous processes or threads to execute simultaneously is concurrency. Although this feature makes the system more effective, it can also result in problems like deadlocks.nnA deadlock is a situation that can occur in distributed systems where two or more processes are blocked and unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource. Deadlocks can occur in distributed systems due to the inherent complexity of coordinating multiple processes that run concurrently across multiple nodes.nnAnother key characteristic of distributed systems is scalability. To handle growing workloads and accommodate more users, they ought to be able to scale horizontally by adding more nodes. Fault tolerance is also critical to distributed systems. They must withstand individual node or component failures without affecting the system’s overall performance. Another feature of distributed systems is heterogeneity, where nodes may have various hardware, software and network configurations. The diversity may make collaboration and communication difficult.nnTransparency is another key feature of distributed systems. They should offer consumers transparent access to network-wide resources and services while keeping them unaware of the intricate workings of the underlying system. Distributed systems must also prioritize security. To guard against unauthorized access, data breaches and other cyber risks, they must be constructed with security in mind.nnAnother quality that distributed systems must uphold is consistency. In the face of concurrent updates and failures, they must preserve data consistency across many nodes. Performance is crucial for distributed systems. They must be able to perform at acceptable levels despite the increased transmission costs and other complications brought on by distribution.nnn”,”title_es”:””,”content_es”:”n”,”title_cn”:””,”content_cn”:”n”,”title_de”:””,”content_de”:”n”,”title_fr”:””,”content_fr”:”n”,”title_it”:””,”content_it”:”n”,”title_ar”:””,”content_ar”:”n”,”title_br”:””,”content_br”:”n”,”title_jp”:””,”content_jp”:”n”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:31:14″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”title_kr”:””,”content_kr”:”n”,”title_tr”:””,”content_tr”:”n”}},{“id”:4012,”post_id”:104755,”title”:”What are the various types of distributed systems?”,”content”:”Many types and designs of distributed systems exist, each created to address specific needs and difficulties. The requirements of the application, scalability, fault tolerance, security and other factors all play a role in the architecture choice.nnOne type of distributed system is the client-server architecture. In this approach, a server receives requests from a client, processes them and then replies. Web applications frequently employ this design, in which the web browser serves as the client and the server hosts the web page.nnPeer-to-peer (P2P) architecture is yet another kind of distributed system. All nodes or peers in this architecture, are equal and can serve as both clients and servers. Each peer can ask for and offer resources to other peers. File-sharing applications like BitTorrent have employed this architecture.nnRelated: What is BitTorrent (BTTC): A beginner’s guidennThe distributed database system is a third category of a distributed system. A database is distributed among several computers or nodes under this architecture, and they all work together to store and administer the data. Large-scale applications that need high availability and scalability, including social media platforms and e-commerce websites, frequently adopt this design.nnThe distributed computing system is another distributed system in which several computers collaborate to tackle challenging computational problems. In scientific research, this architecture is frequently used when numerous computers are utilized to analyze big data sets or simulate complicated processes.nnHybrid distributed systems, which integrate many architectures or concepts, are also distributed systems. For instance, a distributed system might use a P2P design for file sharing and a client-server architecture for web requests.nnn”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:31:36″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”sort”:4,”translations”:{“id”:4005,”explained_post_id”:4012,”title_en”:”What are the various types of distributed systems?”,”content_en”:”Many types and designs of distributed systems exist, each created to address specific needs and difficulties. The requirements of the application, scalability, fault tolerance, security and other factors all play a role in the architecture choice.nnOne type of distributed system is the client-server architecture. In this approach, a server receives requests from a client, processes them and then replies. Web applications frequently employ this design, in which the web browser serves as the client and the server hosts the web page.nnPeer-to-peer (P2P) architecture is yet another kind of distributed system. All nodes or peers in this architecture, are equal and can serve as both clients and servers. Each peer can ask for and offer resources to other peers. File-sharing applications like BitTorrent have employed this architecture.nnRelated: What is BitTorrent (BTTC): A beginner’s guidennThe distributed database system is a third category of a distributed system. A database is distributed among several computers or nodes under this architecture, and they all work together to store and administer the data. Large-scale applications that need high availability and scalability, including social media platforms and e-commerce websites, frequently adopt this design.nnThe distributed computing system is another distributed system in which several computers collaborate to tackle challenging computational problems. In scientific research, this architecture is frequently used when numerous computers are utilized to analyze big data sets or simulate complicated processes.nnHybrid distributed systems, which integrate many architectures or concepts, are also distributed systems. For instance, a distributed system might use a P2P design for file sharing and a client-server architecture for web requests.nnn”,”title_es”:””,”content_es”:”n”,”title_cn”:””,”content_cn”:”n”,”title_de”:””,”content_de”:”n”,”title_fr”:””,”content_fr”:”n”,”title_it”:””,”content_it”:”n”,”title_ar”:””,”content_ar”:”n”,”title_br”:””,”content_br”:”n”,”title_jp”:””,”content_jp”:”n”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:31:36″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”title_kr”:””,”content_kr”:”n”,”title_tr”:””,”content_tr”:”n”}},{“id”:4013,”post_id”:104755,”title”:”What are the advantages and disadvantages of distributed systems?”,”content”:”Distributed systems offer many advantages, including scalability, fault tolerance and improved performance. However, they also have disadvantages, including coordination challenges, complexity and specialized skills requirements.nnDistributed systems offer several advantages over traditional centralized systems. One significant advantage is scalability. To manage growing workloads and serve more users, distributed systems can simply add more nodes. Due to their scalability, distributed systems can support heavy traffic and high availability without compromising performance. nnFault tolerance is another benefit of distributed systems. The system can continue to work even if one node fails since other nodes can take over its tasks. As a result, distributed systems are less vulnerable to hardware or software failures than centralized ones. By enabling computation to be split among several nodes, distributed systems can also speed up throughput and reduce processing times.nnHowever, distributed systems have a few drawbacks. For instance, it can be difficult to coordinate communication and ensure that all nodes consistently understand the system since distributed systems comprise several nodes that may be scattered geographically. This may result in problems with concurrency and consistency. nnComplexity is another drawback of distributed systems. Due to their inherent complexity, distributed systems are sometimes more difficult to maintain and have more security flaws than centrally managed systems. The design and maintenance of distributed systems may also require specific knowledge and abilities, which can raise cost and complexity.nnn”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:31:54″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”sort”:5,”translations”:{“id”:4006,”explained_post_id”:4013,”title_en”:”What are the advantages and disadvantages of distributed systems?”,”content_en”:”Distributed systems offer many advantages, including scalability, fault tolerance and improved performance. However, they also have disadvantages, including coordination challenges, complexity and specialized skills requirements.nnDistributed systems offer several advantages over traditional centralized systems. One significant advantage is scalability. To manage growing workloads and serve more users, distributed systems can simply add more nodes. Due to their scalability, distributed systems can support heavy traffic and high availability without compromising performance. nnFault tolerance is another benefit of distributed systems. The system can continue to work even if one node fails since other nodes can take over its tasks. As a result, distributed systems are less vulnerable to hardware or software failures than centralized ones. By enabling computation to be split among several nodes, distributed systems can also speed up throughput and reduce processing times.nnHowever, distributed systems have a few drawbacks. For instance, it can be difficult to coordinate communication and ensure that all nodes consistently understand the system since distributed systems comprise several nodes that may be scattered geographically. This may result in problems with concurrency and consistency. nnComplexity is another drawback of distributed systems. Due to their inherent complexity, distributed systems are sometimes more difficult to maintain and have more security flaws than centrally managed systems. The design and maintenance of distributed systems may also require specific knowledge and abilities, which can raise cost and complexity.nnn”,”title_es”:””,”content_es”:”n”,”title_cn”:””,”content_cn”:”n”,”title_de”:””,”content_de”:”n”,”title_fr”:””,”content_fr”:”n”,”title_it”:””,”content_it”:”n”,”title_ar”:””,”content_ar”:”n”,”title_br”:””,”content_br”:”n”,”title_jp”:””,”content_jp”:”n”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:31:54″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”title_kr”:””,”content_kr”:”n”,”title_tr”:””,”content_tr”:”n”}},{“id”:4014,”post_id”:104755,”title”:”What is the future of distributed systems?”,”content”:”The future of distributed systems looks promising as technology continues to advance. Cluster computing and grid computing are two emerging technologies that are likely to play a significant role in the future of distributed systems.nnCluster computing involves using multiple interconnected computers to work together as a single system. In addition to enhanced processing power and fault tolerance, the technology also has better scalability. Cluster computing is becoming more affordable, and is anticipated to be used more frequently in high-performance computing applications as the hardware cost continues to drop.nnCluster computing can be used in big data processing. As the amount of data being generated grows exponentially, cluster computing can be used to process and analyze this data more efficiently.nnSimilarly, as fields like artificial intelligence and machine learning require large amounts of computing power to train models and process data, cluster computing can be used to speed up these processes and improve accuracy.nnGrid computing uses geographically distributed resources to work together as a single system. With this technology, businesses may pool resources and work together on complicated projects that would be challenging or impossible to complete using conventional computer techniques. nnFor instance, in the event of a natural disaster, grid computing can quickly mobilize resources from around the world to assist in response efforts. To increase their chances of earning rewards, Bitcoin miners can use grid computing to connect their computing resources with those of other miners worldwide.nnAs opposed to individual miners working alone, this provides a distributed network of processing power that may cooperate to solve mathematical problems more rapidly and effectively. Grid computing is projected to become more crucial for scientific research, data processing and other large-scale computer applications as cloud computing develops.nnn”,”created_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:12″,”updated_at”:”2023-03-17 09:32:43″,”sort”:6,”translations”:{“id”:4007,”explained_post_id”:4014,”title_en”:”What is the future of distributed systems?”,”content_en”:”The future of distributed systems looks promising as technology continues to advance. Cluster computing and grid computing are two emerging technologies that are likely to play a significant role in the future of distributed systems.nnCluster computing involves using multiple interconnected computers to work together as a single system. In addition to enhanced processing power and fault tolerance, the technology also has better scalability. Cluster computing is becoming more affordable, and is anticipated to be used more frequently in high-performance computing applications as the hardware cost continues to drop.nnCluster computing can be used in big data processing. As the amount of data being generated grows exponentially, cluster computing can be used to process and analyze this data more efficiently.nnSimilarly, as fields like artificial intelligence and machine learning require large amounts of computing power to train models and process data, cluster computing can be used to speed up these processes and improve accuracy.nnGrid computing uses geographically distributed resources to work together as a single system. With this technology, businesses may pool resources and work together on complicated projects that would be challenging or impossible to complete using conventional computer techniques. nnFor instance, in the event of a natural disaster, grid computing can quickly mobilize resources from around the world to assist in response efforts. To increase their chances of earning rewards, Bitcoin miners can use grid computing to connect their computing resources with those of other miners worldwide.nnAs opposed to individual miners working alone, this provides a distributed network of processing power that may cooperate to solve mathematical problems more rapidly and effectively. 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Porazdeljeni stroj je niz poštenih računalniških programov, ki se osebi zdijo kot en sam skladen stroj. Za diagram splošnega cilja so računalniški programi v porazdeljenem stroju v stiku z vsemi drugimi. Računalniški programi porazdeljenega stroja so morda nameščeni v eni sami fizični situaciji ali razpršeni po različnih regijah. Glavna prednost porazdeljenega stroja je, da prekaša stroj z enim osebnim računalnikom, ko gre za učinkovitost, zanesljivost in razpoložljivost. Vključuje skupno rabo virov in vitalnost obdelave med različnimi delovnimi postajami prek porazdeljenega računalništva in baz podatkov. Prevladujoče snovi porazdeljenih programov so več kot eno vozlišče, komunikacijska omrežja in porazdeljena vmesna programska oprema, ki nadzoruje komunikacijo med vozlišči. Vozlišča so poštene računalniške entitete, ki so v stiku z vsemi drugimi. Komunikacijsko omrežje deluje kot medij za izmenjavo informacij med vozlišči. Razdeljena vmesna programska oprema v porazdeljenih programih se nanaša na uporabno plast med porazdeljenimi aplikacijami in osnovno omrežno infrastrukturo, ki podjetjem zagotavlja podobno komunikacijo, koordinacijo in upravljanje virov, da omogoči učinkovito in zakonito porazdeljeno računalništvo.

Z razporeditvijo delovne obremenitve in informacij po različnih vozliščih je ustvarjena arhitektura porazdeljenih programov za diagram tolerance napak (prilagodljivost za nadaljevanje delovanja ob prisotnosti nesreč vozlišča ali omrežnih zapletov), ​​razširljivost in pretirana razpoložljivost. Da porazdeljeni programi delujejo, mora biti delo nemoteno razdeljeno na manjše podopravila in odvijajo prek različnih vozlišč ali računalniških programov v omrežju. Ta vozlišča ali računalniški programi nato ostanejo v stiku in sodelujejo pri načrtovanju dodelitve. Naslednji štirje koraki nudijo prehoden pregled delovanja porazdeljenih programov: Decentralizirane snovi Porazdeljeni stroj vsebuje slog snovi ali vozlišč, ki se odvijajo čez različne stalne ali digitalne lokacije. Te snovi lahko ostanejo v stiku z vsemi drugimi v omrežju, da narišejo en sam cilj. Besedna zamenjava Snovi porazdeljenega stroja lahko ostanejo v stiku z vsemi drugimi z uporabo niza protokolov in orodij, skupaj s TCP/IP, HTTP ali čakalnimi vrstami sporočil. Ti protokoli vozliščem omogočajo, da tarnajo s pošiljanjem in prejemanjem sporočil ali informacij.

Usklajevanje Da bi snovi porazdeljenega stroja uspešno delovale skupaj, sestavljajo, da uskladijo svoja dejanja. Veliko mehanizmov, podobno kot porazdeljeni algoritmi, soglasni protokoli ali porazdeljene transakcije, je morda morda tudi zgolj možnost diagrama te koordinacije. Toleranca napak Porazdeljeni stroj mora biti ustvarjen neomajen s toleranco napak v nasvetih. To pomeni, da je pripravljen na reševanje nesreč določenih snovi ali vozlišč, ne da bi zmanjšal učinkovitost ali razpoložljivost celotnega stroja. Razdeljeni programi uporabljajo strategije redundance, replikacije ali particioniranja za diagram tolerance napak. Internetni iskalnik je primer porazdeljenega stroja, ker vsebuje slog vozlišč, ki ustvarjajo različne funkcije, skupaj s pajkanjem spletnih mest, indeksiranjem glasovnega gradiva in obravnavanjem zahtev oseb. Ta vozlišča sodelujejo, da uporabnikom ponudijo hitre in učinkovite rezultate iskanja. Veriga blokov — decentralizirana knjiga, ki varno in pregledno prenaša podatke o transakcijah — je prav tako primer porazdeljenega stroja. Porazdeljene so milje, ker je knjiga shranjena na več kot enem vozlišču v omrežju, pri čemer vsako vozlišče hrani repliko celotne knjige, ob upoštevanju večje preglednosti, varnosti in odpornosti na nesreče ali napade. Izdani programi so dovzetni za številne aplikacije, skupaj s platformami družbenih omrežij, računalništvom v oblaku in spletno prodajo na drobno. Posebne značilnosti porazdeljenih programov in invent them izstopajo od drugih računalniških programov.

Eden od takih atributov porazdeljenih programov, ki omogoča sočasno ustvarjanje sloga procesov ali niti, je sočasnost . Čeprav je zaradi te možnosti stroj učinkovitejši, lahko morda povzroči tudi zaplete in zastoje. Slepa ulica je tema, ki se lahko zgodi v porazdeljenih programih, ko sta dodeljena dva ali več procesov blokiranih in ne morejo nadaljevati, ker vsi gledajo naprej v nasprotno, da bi sprostili vir. V porazdeljenih programih lahko pride do zastojev, ki jih je mogoče pripisati inherentni zapletenosti usklajevanja več kot enega procesa, ki pospešuje enak čas kot v več kot enem vozlišču. Še ena ključna lastnost porazdeljenih programov je razširljivost. Da bi obravnavali naraščajoče delovne obremenitve in prilagodili več uporabnikom, bi se morali vodoravno prilagajati skupaj z več vozlišči. Toleranca napak je resna tudi za porazdeljene programe. Zagotavljajo odpornost na nesreče osebnih vozlišč ali delov, ne da bi to vplivalo na splošno učinkovitost stroja. Še ena značilnost porazdeljenih programov je heterogenost, dodelitvena vozlišča lahko morda morda tudi zgolj obsegajo različno strojno opremo, pripomočke in omrežne konfiguracije. Raznolikost morda morda tudi zgolj izumi sodelovanje in komunikacijski kompleks. Transparentnost je vsaka druga ključna lastnost porazdeljenih programov. Zagotavljajo neomajno ponudbo pokroviteljev, ki pregledno odločajo o vstopu v omrežne vire in podjetja, medtem ko jih ne poznajo zapletenega delovanja osnovnega stroja. Razdeljeni programi morajo prav tako dati prednost varnosti. Da bi zagotovili zaščito pred nepooblaščenim vstopom, vdorom informacij in drugimi kibernetskimi tveganji, želijo biti neomajni zgrajeni z varnostnimi nasveti.

Še ena visoka kakovost, ki jo morajo podpirati distribuirani programi, je doslednost. Ob sočasnih posodobitvah in katastrofah sestavljajo zadrževanje doslednosti informacij v številnih vozliščih. Zmogljivost je pravzaprav neprimerljiva za porazdeljene programe. Zagotavljajo, da so neomajno pripravljeni komponirati na sprejemljivih ravneh kljub visokim stroškom prenosa in drugim zapletom, ki jih povzroča distribucija.

Obstaja veliko stilov in oblik porazdeljenih programov, vsak je ustvarjen za reševanje posebnih potreb in težave. Zahteve glede uporabe, razširljivosti, tolerance napak, varnosti in drugih dejavnikov igrajo značilnost preference arhitekture. Eden od slogov porazdeljenega stroja je kupec-strežnik arhitektura. To pomeni, da strežnik prejme zahteve od odjemalca, jih obdela, nato pa odgovori. Spletne aplikacije redno uporabljajo ta izum, pri čemer brskalnik zastopnika služi kot kupec, strežnik pa gosti spletno stran zastopnika.
Arhitektura Perceive-to-stare (P2P) je še vsak drugi bolj ali manj porazdeljen stroj. Vsa vozlišča ali prijatelji v tej arhitekturi so enakovredni in morda morda pomagajo vsakemu kupcu in strežniku. Vsak pogled lahko ustvarite poizvedbo za in ponudite vire drugim prijateljem. Aplikacije za skupno rabo datotek uporabljajo BitTorrent in uporabljajo to arhitekturo. Povezano: Kaj je BitTorrent (BTTC): A priročnik za novince Stroj s porazdeljeno bazo podatkov je tretja kategorija porazdeljenega stroja. Baza podatkov je razdeljena med različne računalniške programe ali vozlišča pod to arhitekturo in vsi sodelujejo pri shranjevanju in upravljanju smernic. Prostorne aplikacije, ki želijo pretirano razpoložljivost in razširljivost, skupaj s platformami družbenih medijev in spletnimi stranmi za e-trgovino, redno uporabljajo ta izum.

Porazdeljeni računalniški stroj je vsak drugi porazdeljeni stroj, v katerem različni računalniški programi sodelujejo pri reševanju hudih računalniških zapletov. V znanstveni primerjavi je ta arhitektura običajno dovzetna, kadar se slog računalniških programov uporablja za primerjavo ogromnih informacijskih objektov ali simulacijo subtilnih procesov. Hibridni porazdeljeni programi, ki mešajo veliko arhitektur ali idej, so prav tako porazdeljeni programi. Na primer, porazdeljeni stroj morda morda uporablja izum P2P za skupno rabo datotek in arhitekturo odjemalec-strežnik za internetne zahteve. Izdani programi ponujajo številne prednosti, skupaj z razširljivostjo, odpornostjo na napake in izboljšana učinkovitost. Po drugi strani pa vključujejo tudi slabosti, skupaj z izzivi koordinacije, kompleksnostjo in zahtevami po posebnih sposobnostih.

Razdeljeni programi ponujajo različne prednosti pred zastarelimi centraliziranimi programi. Eden ključnih dobičkov je razširljivost. Da bi preprečili nadzor nad naraščajočimi delovnimi obremenitvami in pomagali več uporabnikom, lahko porazdeljeni programi preprosto dodajo več vozlišč. Zaradi svoje razširljivosti lahko porazdeljeni programi povečajo število obiskovalcev internetnih strani in prekomerno razpoložljivost, ne da bi zmanjšali učinkovitost. Odpornost na napake je vsaka druga prednost porazdeljenih programov. Stroj lahko nadaljuje z delom, tudi če eno vozlišče odpove, saj lahko druga vozlišča poskrbijo za zaustavitev njegovih nalog. Katera zmožnost, da so porazdeljeni programi manj dovzetni za strojno ali komunalno katastrofo kot centralizirani. Z omogočanjem razdelitve računanja med različna vozlišča lahko porazdeljeni programi morda tudi povečajo prepustnost in skrajšajo čase obdelave. Nasprotno pa imajo porazdeljeni programi nekaj pomanjkljivosti. Na primer, morda je morda tudi samo zapleteno koordinirati komunikacijo in potrditi, da vsa vozlišča večkrat realizirajo stroj, saj porazdeljeni programi obsegajo različna vozlišča, ki bodo morda geografsko razpršena. To lahko morda tudi samo preneha v zapletih s sočasnostjo in doslednostjo. Kompleksnost je vsaka druga pomanjkljivost porazdeljenih programov. Zaradi svoje inherentne zapletenosti so porazdeljeni programi običajno bolj zapleteni za zadržanje in vsebujejo več varnostnih napak kot centralno upravljani programi. Izum in vzdrževanje porazdeljenih programov morda morda tudi zgolj zahteva posebne informacije in talente, ki lahko dvignejo vrednost in kompleksnost. Podaljšana hitrost porazdeljenih programov je videti obetavna kot tehnologija še naprej približuje. Grozdno računalništvo in omrežno računalništvo sta dve naraščajoči uporabni znanosti, ki sta nagnjeni k temu, da prej ali slej postaneta prevladujoča značilnost porazdeljenih programov. Gručno računalništvo vključuje uporabo več kot enega medsebojno povezani računalniški programi, ki delujejo skupaj kot en stroj. Poleg izboljšane vitalnosti obdelave in odpornosti na napake ima tehnologija tudi boljšo razširljivost. Grozdno računalništvo postaja vse bolj stroškovno učinkovito in predvideva se, da bo pogosteje dovzetno za pretirano učinkovite računalniške aplikacije, saj vrednost strojne opreme še naprej pada.

Gručno računalništvo je morda morda tudi samo dovzetno za ogromno obdelavo informacij. Ker količina ustvarjenih informacij eksponentno raste, ima lahko računalništvo v gruči morda tudi le možnost dodeljevanja in uspešnejšo analizo teh informacij. Enako, kot polja, ki se prepuščajo sintetični inteligenci in strojno odkrivanje, zahtevajo urejene količine računalniške vitalnosti za izobraževanje o objektih in informacijah o dodelitvah, lahko računalništvo v gručah morda morda poleg tega le še imeti možnost pospešiti te procese in povečati natančnost. Mrežno računalništvo uporablja geografsko porazdeljene vire za skupno delovanje kot en stroj. S to tehnologijo lahko podjetja morda tudi zgolj združijo vire in sodelujejo pri subtilnih nalogah, ki bodo morda resne ali zelo nedovzetne za skupno uporabo rabljenih računalnikov. Na primer, v tekmi čiste agonije , lahko omrežno računalništvo hitro mobilizira vire z vsega kraljestva za podporo odzivnim prizadevanjem. Da bi razvili svoje možnosti dohodkovnih nagrad, lahko rudarji bitcoinov uporabijo omrežno računalništvo, da povežejo svoje računalniške vire z viri drugih rudarjev po vsem svetu. Zmerno kot samostojni rudarji, to ponuja porazdeljeno mrežo vitalnosti obdelave, ki lahko sodeluje pri hitrejšem in uspešnejšem reševanju matematičnih zapletov. Mrežno računalništvo naj bi se z razvojem računalništva v oblaku spremenilo v dejansko neprimerljivo za znanstveno primerjavo, obdelavo informacij in druge urejene računalniške aplikacije.